Sorry for resurrecting such an old thread, but I found it interesting.
I don't possess nearly the library of some who have posted, but I'll add my contribution nonetheless.
Uuno Klami -
Kalevala Suite. There seems to be a debt to Stravinsky in the rhythms here; I detect a bit of
Rite of Spring and
Firebird in it, but it is no more an imitation than is Prokofiev's better-known
Scythian Suite. The recording I have is coupled with
Sea Pictures, performed by Leif Segerstam and the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra on Finlandia. (Now discontinued - Naxos release linked, as I could not find the Finlandia offered for sale, and I'm not parting with mine!

)
Arnold Schoenberg -
A Survivor from Warsaw. The twelve-tone orchestral accompaniment fraught with dissonance is the perfect complement to the spoken-word dialog of a (fictional) holocaust survivor. The choral segment at the end is particularly powerful. The disc also includes some orchestral works by Webern, perfomed by Claudio Abbado and the Vienna Philharmonic on DG.
Alfred Schnittke -
String Quartet #2. This was inspired by the death of Ukrainian film director Larissa Shepitko. If there is an heir to Shostakovich, this is it. This piece was included on a CD with Shostakovich's
String Quartet #8 (my reason for buying) and Tchaikovsky's
String Quartet #1, and quickly became my favorite piece on the disc. The recording I have is the Duke Quartet on Collins Classics.
Incidentally, it is because of the Schnittke piece that I was exposed to Shepitko's films
Wings and
The Ascent, which I'd also recommend.
Note: the images are linked to sites where these can be purchased, if anyone is interested.