What methods are their for training my ears to recognise pitches accurately.
At the minute, if I want to transcribe a piece of music I have heard, I have to painstakingly work it out on the guitar or piano through trial and error. I'd like to be able to listen to some music and then understand the progression of notes without using an instrument as a kind of 'translator'. Also, when I have worked out a melody, I have no idea what key a piece is in without playing along with a recording until it sounds right.
I can just about hear the difference beween say a large leap of a minor sixth and a step of a major second but say a minor sixth and a minor seventh, I'd really struggle with. I'd be able to hear a difference but have no idea of the exact amount.
Should I be trying to gauge the size of the distance between the two notes outright or listening for the 'colour' of the succesive tone (major/minor/diminished/augmented).
Hopefully, this works in reverse and in turn means I will be able to hear sound's in my head and put them straight down on paper without 'working them out' on instruments.
Any advice would be a great help. My ears are the one aspect of my musical arenal I don't really know how to train, other than just comparing two successive and simultaneous tones for thousands of hours upon hours until it's somehow drilled into my brain.