4/4 Why do I like Furtwangler's Bayreuth version of Beethoven's S9?
First some info on the BPO:
Chief conductors of the BPO (founded in 1882)
- Ludwig von Brenner (1882-1887)
- Hans von Bülow (1887-1892)
- Arthur Nikisch (1895-1922)
- Wilhelm Furtwängler (1922-1945)
- Leo Borchard (June-August 1945)
- Sergiu Celibidache (1945-1952)
- Wilhelm Furtwängler (1952-1954)
- Herbert von Karajan (1954-1989)
- Claudio Abbado (1989-2002)
- Sir Simon Rattle (2002- )
Wilhelm Furtwangler is regarded as one of the best conductors in history, and certainly one of the foremost interpretors of Beethoven. He had a unique conducting technique which involved rather long and awkward arm movements, and a swaying body, as if he was being controlled like a puppet. It looked very strange, but it worked, and he was very highly regarded. His famous contemporary, Arturo Toscanini, was extremely haughty, well regarded and very cynical of most other conductors but he had the very highest estimation of Furtwangler, whom he regarded as his equal!
Although Furtwangler made several recordings of Beethoven's Ninth, three are always singled out as the best: 1942 (Berlin), 1951 (Bayreuth), and 1954 (Lucerne). These are widely regarded as classics. I am not saying they are universally liked. It depends on how people like their Beethoven. I like mine Furtwangler-style, Klemperer-style, and Carlos Kleiber style. I don't like many modern, more clinical versions.
People debate which of these Furtwangler recordings is the best. Some say the 1942 was the most powerful and dramatic; some prefer 1954 (Lucerne), which was Furtwangler's personal favourite. However, I think if a poll were taken, the Bayreuth 1951 version would probably win it because it had a lot going for it: great atmosphere, good acoustics from the Bayreuth Theatre, good chorus, and superb solo singers.
Trying to say why I like the 1951 version is a but difficult, but here goes. The first thing is that it's a live recording and you do get the odd cough but it is not off-putting. On the contrary, the atmosphere is better for it being live. Here are a few observations:
First movement: It improves as it progresses. Listen to the drums about 7 minutes before the end of this movement, and the surrounding drama, which then gives way to peace; it then picks up again with a gorgeous unique, Furtwangler flavour to the whole thing.
In the
second movement, follow the changes of pace and mood, the pregnant pauses, the drums, the beautiful way the strings interplay with the woodwind, the distant horn, the sheer mastery of control over all this activity.
The opening of the
third movement does it for me every time. It is divine, and again no one does this better than Furtwangler. Silky strings, beautiful melody, perfect pace, occasional drumbeat. Then, 3 minutes in from the beginning of the movement, it hits the heights. From then on it must be one of the best creations in the whole of music. I cannot think of anything better. The variation on the theme holds your attention, together with the beauty of the strings, and the mutiplicity of activity all over the orchestra is held in good balance.
The
fourth movement contains four sections (or sub-movements). The
opening section is full of drama; the development of the theme is then shown; the basses begin, then recede, strings appear mainly cello and bass playing together, the theme develops further, it goes quiet; basses somewhat in the distance appear again, then a solo voice recapitulates the theme, and then the chorus enters. The
second section, scherzo is in a march style; listen the clashing of percussion, drama picks up, all under control, then calm again, chorus and orchestral interplay is terrific here, in perfect step. The
third section introduces a new theme, which is slow and thoughtful at first and building up to a joyous crescendo, with heavenly chorus, The
last section, lasting four minutes, presents yet more variations on previous themes with the vocal elements pre-dominating; and then the orchestra re-enters like a kick in the pants, and the sensation of joy is palpable. There is a stop, momentary pause, and ends in loud jubilation.
Oh friends, not these tones!
Rather let us sing more
cheerful and more joyful ones.
Joy! Joy!
Remember that a deaf man wrote this. And only Beethoven could have done this. No one else reached these composing heights, no one.
As you can see, I really do love both this work and Furtwangler's interpretation of it. I strongly recommend you buy it. Find time on your own, shut the rest of the family out, get yourself a coke, turn up the volume, and soak it up. It is an experience that no other version matches in drama, power, atmosphere, elegance, sheer up-lifting feelgood.
P.S. As a budding conductor (15 today), can you see your name on the BPO list above at some future date? That's why I put it there. I wonder.
Topaz