@Kreisler jr
Hey, sorry for being a little short with you yesterday! I was tired and moody.
To elaborate on what I meant: Schubert made the editing himself - he deleted 98 measures in the end (a return of the
A material and a return of the 2nd mov melody over the rhythmic figurations of the
B material), a sizeable chunk of music, but it's not like such editing is unique to Schubert; many composers did it. The reason this particular longer version is interesting is because the cut material itself is interesting, but the piece doesn't need it to be complete, and Schubert obviously felt that too.
It also doesn't really cut back on its complexity. The fourth movement exhibits several large scale symmetries that make up supersymmetric structures themselves; it also solves the thematic conflict introduced by the 2nd movement and the harmonic conflict introduced by the first (while referencing several other thematic and harmonic areas from the previous three movements) . Let me elaborate a little.
The exposition is a rondo, structured A|B|C|B|A (A reworked as transitional material the second time).
A is largely unique to the movement, but
B references the repeated note motif of the 1st movement (2nd theme)., and the main harmonic area from the 2nd movement (C minor). C is also largely unique to the movement, but it introduces a syncopated 8th note hemiola arpeggio structure in the piano that's going to be important later.
The development deals with the A theme first; we shift to B minor (echoing the first movement which does the same, only in the exposition) immediately, adressing the harmonic conflict introduced by the first movement. Then, in a -sort of - D section, the main melody of the 2nd movement comes back on the cello, suspended over the syncopated hemiola arpeggios from C on the piano, while the violin brings back the 2nd mov march rhythm in pizzicato. After, B is developed (B minor still an important key at this point), slowly fading into transitional material yet again made from A, which eventually brings back A, now in the tonic.
Recap. Everything procedes as planned (including the symetrical A|B|C|B|A structure), until -
the last A yet again turns into transitional material, moving to E flat minor, and suddenly, the D/2nd movement melody is heard again, this time in the tonic minor, embellished (syncopated hemiola on piano, march ryhthm on violin), until it dissolves into E flat major, resolving the symmetry issue of the
D section in the development (we've only heard it once so far), the harmonic conflict of B minor (the theme is brought back to the tonic minor this second time) and the larger conflict brought on by the 2nd movement melody, which haunts the entire piece, by turning it into a sunny E flat major and integrating it into the movement using the syncopated hemiola accompaniment.
It is very complex, and, dare I say, brilliant. It's perfectly logical and detailed, and I can only commend him for making the necessary edits.